![]() This is also known as linear analysis in which the stream of characters making up the source program is read from left-to-right and grouped into tokens that are sequences of characters having a collective meaning. The first phase of compiler is Lexical Analysis. During the second pass, whenever an identifier is encountered, its address is looked up in the symbol table and this value is used in the generated machine instruction. During the first pass, each time a new identifier is encountered, an address is assigned and the pair (identifier, address) is stored in a symbol table. ![]() The conceptually simplest way to avoid conflict among identifiers and their address is to make two passes over the input. Preprocessors are normally fairly simple as in the C language, providing primarily the ability to include files and expand macros.Īssembly code is a mnemonic version of machine code in which names, rather than binary values, are used for machine instructions, and memory addresses.Īn assembler needs to assign memory locations to symbols (called identifiers) and use the numeric location address in the target machine language produced. A Compiler is a translator from one language, the input or source language, to another language, the output or target language.Ī compiler program written in a high-level language is called source language.Ī loader is a program that places programs into memory and prepares them for execution.
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